Parental Rights & Responsibilities
Parenthood is one of life’s most meaningful journeys — but it also comes with legal and social responsibilities. Whether you're preparing for a new baby, navigating work-life balance, or advocating for your child's needs, understanding your rights and duties as a parent is crucial.
In Cyprus and across the European Union, several frameworks are in place to protect families and empower parents. This guide breaks down what you need to know in clear, practical terms.
Parental Leave Entitlements
Maternity Leave (Cyprus)
Duration: 22 weeks (26 weeks for the third child).
Start: Must begin at least 2 weeks before expected due date.
Pay: 72% of insured earnings through the Social Insurance Fund.
Extended Leave: Additional 4 weeks for multiple births (e.g. twins).
Paternity Leave (Cyprus)
Duration: 2 consecutive weeks.
Timing: Within the first 16 weeks following birth or adoption.
Pay: Also covered under Social Insurance.
Parental Leave (Cyprus)
Up to 18 weeks per parent per child.
Can be used flexibly until the child turns 15.
Both parents have individual rights — non-transferable to each other.
Parental Leave (EU Directive)
Up to 18 weeks per parent per child.
Can be used flexibly until the child turns 8.
Both parents have individual rights — non-transferable to each other.
Carer’s Leave
EU-wide entitlement: 5 working days/year per worker to care for dependent relatives.
Tip: Always inform your employer in writing and check internal HR policies for enhanced benefits.
Custody and Guardianship
In Cyprus, both parents have equal custody rights by law, even after separation or divorce — unless a court decides otherwise.
Key Points:
Custody includes decisions about education, healthcare, and religion.
The best interest of the child is the overriding principle.
In separation cases, joint custody is preferred unless there is a risk to the child.
Guardianship Responsibilities:
Ensuring the child's well-being, education, and moral upbringing.
Managing the child’s property (if applicable) with court oversight in major decisions.
Financial Responsibilities
Raising a child comes with financial duties that extend to both parents, regardless of marital status.
Child Maintenance (Alimony)
Legally required from the non-custodial parent.
Calculated based on the child’s needs and the parent’s income.
Can be court-ordered or mutually agreed upon and formalized.
Education & Healthcare
Parents must ensure access to schooling (starting at age 4 for pre-primary in Cyprus).
Public healthcare covers many pediatric services, including vaccinations, under the GESY system.
Children’s Rights and Parental Responsibilities
Parents must uphold and protect their child’s rights as outlined in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (ratified by both Cyprus and the EU).
Children’s Rights Include:
The right to life, health, education, and protection from abuse.
The right to be heard and express their views.
The right to identity, nationality, and family ties.
Parental Duties Include:
Providing a safe and nurturing environment.
Ensuring access to education and healthcare.
Respecting the child’s individuality and development.
Discouraging corporal punishment (which is legally prohibited in Cyprus).
Parental Rights in Education
Parents have a strong voice in their child’s education:
Your Rights:
To enroll your child in public or private education.
To be informed about school progress and participate in decisions.
To access school policies and voice concerns through parent councils.
Special Education Rights:
Children with disabilities are entitled to inclusive education and support services.
Parents can request assessments and participate in creating Individualized Education Plans (IEPs).
Protection Against Discrimination and Workplace Rights
Cyprus and EU laws protect parents from discrimination based on family status or pregnancy.
Workplace Protections Include:
Protection against dismissal during maternity/paternity leave.
The right to request flexible working hours (especially for children under age 8).
Protection for breastfeeding mothers (paid breaks or flexible schedules).
Equal Pay and Opportunity:
It’s illegal to discriminate in hiring or compensation based on parenting responsibilities.
Legal Aid and Support Services
Navigating parental rights can involve legal or administrative processes. Fortunately, help is available.
Resources in Cyprus:
Ministry of Labour, Welfare and Social Insurance.
Family Court of Cyprus.
Social Welfare Services.
Non-profits such as the Pancyprian Coordinating Committee for the Protection and Welfare of Children.
EU Support:
The European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE).
EU Family Law Portal (for cross-border custody cases).
Final Thoughts
Knowing your rights and responsibilities as a parent helps you advocate effectively for your child and yourself. While every parenting journey is different, Cyprus and the EU provide a legal framework to ensure families are supported, protected, and empowered.
Parenthood may not come with a manual — but with knowledge, support, and awareness, you can navigate it with strength and confidence.
